I may have over-stated how firm this is on legal grounds, as the supreme court has not ruled on this scenario specifically and two appeals courts have made cont

I may have over-stated how firm this is on legal grounds, as the supreme court has not ruled on this scenario specifically and two appeals courts have made contradictory conclusions. But, there is clear precedent showing that you can absolutely be compelled to decrypt something in certain circumstances. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_disclosure_law#United_States https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_disclosure_law#United_Stat... for some reading. Generally, the Fifth Amendment provides protections against producing documents only if the very act of producing them would be incriminating. The relevant term is the foregone conclusion doctrine. The government has to show evidence that the documents they want you to produce exist and that you are able to produce them. For more information, see http://federalevidence.com/blog/2013/january/applying-foregone-conclusion-exception http://federalevidence.com/blog/2013/january/applying-forego... The interpretation in favor of allowing the government to compell encryption under this doctrine would be that the government simply has to prove that the encrypted data exists and that you are able to unlock it, and they have to limit the scope of their search to specific documents.