>I would want to mention that the definition of leader don't perfectly match between alpha males in animals and human leaders. Of course not, but it's "perfect

>I would want to mention that the definition of leader don't perfectly match between alpha males in animals and human leaders. Of course not, but it's "perfect" enough to be evolutionary advantageous. >There were no punishment for the older female baboons. No fight when they stopped following the alpha. The alpha is permitted to lead, but only to a point. Of course in not all cases will the alpha be the best leader, I won't even remotely argue that. But I've seen time and time again, the best leaders are often the most bold. Sometimes it's simply not clear what decision should be made and instead of allowing that indecisiveness to spread throughout the group, a decision is quickly made for better or worse and it's confidently executed. Your better leaders will be able to make better decisions from incomplete data that maximize opportunity and reduce risk. There are a few takeaways from your anecdote: 1. Leader doesn't always know what leader is doing, but does it anyway. Sometimes looking the part is more important than being the part. 2. Better a heard of apes lost than a feeding ape alone - predators be watching. 3. Pull on the skills of a larger group - the old and wise female baboons for their apparent localization, the male baboons for fighting off a predator, the females for directly looking after the interests young, etc. The people fulfilling the roles may change, but the roles themselves remain.