Disclaimer: I have a math background, but this isn't my field. The continuum hypothesis was proved to be independent of ZFC. From glancing at the first few par

Disclaimer: I have a math background, but this isn't my field. The continuum hypothesis was proved to be independent of ZFC. From glancing at the first few paragraphs of the actual paper [2], it's been established for decades that the following inequality holds: aleph_1 <= p <= t, and that aleph_1 = p can be shown to imply aleph_1 = t. Note that the inequalities aren't strict inequalities, and this proof is essentially saying that they were equivalent all along. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zermelo%E2%80%93Fraenkel_set_theory https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zermelo%E2%80%93Fraenkel_set_t... [2] https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.5424.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.5424.pdf