All the programs you named are chronically underfunded and subject to restrictions and red tape designed to force people to jump through many hoops to prove the

All the programs you named are chronically underfunded and subject to restrictions and red tape designed to force people to jump through many hoops to prove they "deserve" help. And there is a nasty history of attitudes among those in power as to what kind of people "deserve" help and what kind of people don't. Well-funded truly universal (i.e., every citizen is automatically eligible and automatically presumed eligible by the administering agency) have not been tried in the US.