The key question is what advantage can a level 4 car can give to an on-demand service(maybe like Via who seems like the cost leader, by succeeding in doing shar

The key question is what advantage can a level 4 car can give to an on-demand service(maybe like Via who seems like the cost leader, by succeeding in doing shared on-demanf rides and filling(maybe) small microbuses). For example, if a driver can rest while such car travels the highway(or a traffic jam), he might agree to a 10% pay cut(Via pays decently today, unlike Uber), and that would be enough to win. That's a level-4 service with strong network effects and thus nice margins, with time. As for how that translates to advantage in level-5, that's a complicated question, but a few ideas: 1. Brand and technology advantage due to much more miles. 2. Sharing. Maybe some share of the global transportation demand would continue to be shared. 3. Politics. On-demand shared transportation solves moat of the slowness of public tranaport. Maybe we could also solves the experience part(and easier for 3 person shring than a bus). At that context, dedicating special road lanes for sharing may become politically realistic, and than cars lose on speed. Same goes for rush fees. Or maybe, just owning the customer order layer, would be enough to win on optimization of single person cars moving around a city, giving a 10% advantage in trip time , and that would be enough , with time, for a mono/duo-poly. But even if not and it's a low margin business, there would still be a ton of money to be made.