It's like if you insurance was a program. That's an interesting way to think about it, but how do you communicate to the program that a tree fell on your car a

It's like if you insurance was a program. That's an interesting way to think about it, but how do you communicate to the program that a tree fell on your car and you need it to give you money for a new one? Basically what's the mechanism for communicating certain cases or conditions to the program, how does the program verify the claims you make to it, and how many of the scenarios where that works are practical for any real world applications?