They are generally less than what providers bill to others but Medicare doesn't pay below cost. Medicaid varies because states have way more control and many

They are generally less than what providers bill to others but Medicare doesn't pay below cost. Medicaid varies because states have way more control and many states (especially Republican-leaning ones) have slashed their rates as part of a concerted effort to kill the program. Not that it matters - in Texas you generally can't qualify for Medicaid if you're childless or have a job. The income requirements are insanely low.