The second isn't a process - it's an end result. That only happens where there is some pressure for that result to come to fruition. That means you need people

The second isn't a process - it's an end result. That only happens where there is some pressure for that result to come to fruition. That means you need people to get pushed into situations where they interact with others to get that normalisation. That requires some effort to pursue equality and give people chances. I also think it's morally reprehensible to just sit back and accept generations of people who don't have the chances others do.