Has there been an evaluation of environmental impact of distribution? While i would love pess packaging (some of the things they package individually are absurd

Has there been an evaluation of environmental impact of distribution? While i would love pess packaging (some of the things they package individually are absurd), i am more concerned about rerouting the grocery distribution chain through a packing plant. This is already the most environmentally destructive leg of transport, and they seem to multiply that cost by some constant greater than one. But of course, most plastic recycling is a myth, especially if you add in the environmental impact of collection and processing.