I don't know about the other languages, but at least with regards to ECMAScript the specification can be accessed freely at https://www.ecma-international.org/e

I don't know about the other languages, but at least with regards to ECMAScript the specification can be accessed freely at https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/index.html https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/index.html - though the License chapter says that "after approval all rights on the standard are reserved by Ecma International."