Undeniably. Also undeniably, there's an abundance of complicated financial analyses, and emotional responses, to these kinds of events. My mention of the Sydn

Undeniably. Also undeniably, there's an abundance of complicated financial analyses, and emotional responses, to these kinds of events. My mention of the Sydney 2000 Olympics was on point -- official figures peg it at somewhere north of $2b, but official figures hide all the infrastructure spend that wasn't formally attributed to the Olympics. You can probably take that figure upwards by close to an order of magnitude in terms of real costs / set back to the local economy. Other Olympics have exhibited similar effects, with Barcelona being perhaps the perfect storm (it's undeniably complicated, with many infrastructure projects bundled into that event, but conservative estimates suggest it was around 12 years to pay that event off). I don't doubt that there's a hugely convoluted and complex arrangement with various players in Kazakhstan and BIE, with precious little chance of an accurate summary of the financials for the event ever coming to light.