"The problem is one size never fits all." Well written and agreed with but I'd add management of legal risk and labor productivity. You could compile a http s

"The problem is one size never fits all." Well written and agreed with but I'd add management of legal risk and labor productivity. You could compile a http server into the kernel, which would benefit microscopically in ways almost all people don't care about, then product tie it into other projects to successfully kill nginx and apache off. Or you could simply run Apache in a non-monolithic way. What happens if a submarine patent surfaces? Or a critical "must fix this instant" security bug hits? Well, if you're running Apache and not doing anything too weird, you'll be back up and running on nginx in a couple minutes and the world yawns. Or you can upgrade/downgrade/patch apache without messing up your DNS service or NTP service or whatever else. But what happens on a monolith? Well, you could ... I guess you decide if you're better off infringing the patent or replacing the ENTIRE monolith. Those things happen. Eventually its inevitable that something in the monolith will become unacceptable to run, legally or from a security perspective, and then the entire monolith has to go, simultaneously. Life with separate tools is incredibly easier. Embrace, extend, submarine patent, extinguish. There are also labor productivity issues with monoliths. Best expressed via a standard HN automobile analogy, where technically I could completely restore a vintage jeep automobile using one tool, a swiss army knife. Simplistically, all automobile restorations should be done with swiss army knives to minimize the paradox of choice and minimize the massive expense of tool training. In practice it seems obvious I would infinitely prefer not restore an automobile using a single swiss army knife as my only tool. Even a really bad toolbox would be better than using one swiss army knife. Given the choice between using an old, slight imperfect yet historically proven highly successful toolbox vs only being able to use one brand new untested swiss army knife... thats the kind of thing that makes me glad I use *bsd instead of linux.