That would be a paradox resolution. I suggest to likewise think of the short term effect as harm, so the long term effect is the accumulated harm. Just like a

That would be a paradox resolution. I suggest to likewise think of the short term effect as harm, so the long term effect is the accumulated harm. Just like a light hit on the head would increase awareness, but increasing the force and repetition of the hits on the head is not well advised, when the effect wears off after overuse - to say nothing about the immediate effect of getting hit. The perceived short term benefits are only secondary effects. And with regards to nicotine, all the arguments in favor are to be treated as extraordinary claims. I wonder how the testing methodology works.