The firmware is ultra-generic but highly configurable. The default device isn't in the firmware itself. Many different engine types will use the exact same fir

The firmware is ultra-generic but highly configurable. The default device isn't in the firmware itself. Many different engine types will use the exact same firmware, the manufacture supplies a huge array of configuration values to make the ECU run the engine correctly. All the firmware knows is that under some manufacture configurable situation, the engine will switch from one manufacture configurable mode of operation to another manufacture configurable mode of operation. This presentation from 32C3 explains it in much more detail: https://media.ccc.de/v/32c3-7331-the_exhaust_emissions_scandal_dieselgate#video https://media.ccc.de/v/32c3-7331-the_exhaust_emissions_scand...