> It used to be that education was something people did for themselves. It is easy to identify exceptions (replication crisis, intrusion of managerial activiti

> It used to be that education was something people did for themselves. It is easy to identify exceptions (replication crisis, intrusion of managerial activities), but this motivation also applies at the higher levels - ie phd candidature and above. The goal is self-directed research within a chosen field to produce new knowledge.