An IQ is never a measure of absolute intelligence. Instead it is a measure of relative intelligence. Specifically, there is no such thing as an IQ of 100. Inst

An IQ is never a measure of absolute intelligence. Instead it is a measure of relative intelligence. Specifically, there is no such thing as an IQ of 100. Instead, there is a mean score on a test within a population. That score might be 80, or it might be 597, or it might 8. By definition, if your score on the test is identical to the mean, then you have an IQ of 100 relative to that population. If a second population takes the same test, and the mean in that population is different, the score which represents and IQ of 100 is different than the score which represents an IQ of 100 for the first population. So, it is possible for two people to get the same score on an identical test, and be assigned different IQs. Because of this, IQ values do not constitute a metric space, and anyone who tries to use it as such, like these studies do, is building their conclusions upon false premises.