I think they are actually all paradigm shifts. Medical diagnosis, defeating email, etc. there are incumbents there but the path to beating them is not increment

I think they are actually all paradigm shifts. Medical diagnosis, defeating email, etc. there are incumbents there but the path to beating them is not incremental advantage, it's radical change that gives you an advantage incumbents can't easily replicate. Edit: really cool that And it looks like it these are being attempted! There are companies doing the diagnosis in the early stage, there is slack, there is duck duck go, etc. Dont see the second Jobsian hardware anywhere though, and don't expect to.