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I wish the crowdfunding platforms well but, in the end, there is an inherent tension between the core idea of crowdfunding and the idea of investor protections
by grellas 9y ago
I wish the crowdfunding platforms well but, in the end, there is an inherent tension between the core idea of crowdfunding and the idea of investor protections under the securities laws.
U.S. securities law give two broad choices to issuers trying to raise money: take your company public or do a private placement. With the former, you can deal freely with all sorts of investors, in any number and with whatever background. With the latter, you deal with sharp restrictions on the number of investors you can deal with (if unaccredited) and on the qualifications of investors for investment in such offerings (accredited, unaccredited, etc.).
Conceptually, crowdfunding tries to straddle these two worlds when it offers true equity (as opposed to promotional giveaways only) in the ventures. It seeks to broaden the number and type of investors who can invest in a startup venture while simultaneously trying to protect prospective investors from dishonest or otherwise improper offerings.
Problem is: the larger the number of investors and the more latitudinarian the standards for who qualifies, the more it looks like an unregulated public offering and the more it becomes susceptible to all the problems that brought public offerings under strict regulation in the first place.
So today we have a hybrid that theoretically tries to open up startup investment to all sorts of small investors but that practically attempts to keep a whole variety of restrictions in place to ensure investor protection. This hybrid is what is failing to gain popular appeal. There are too many restrictions needed to ensure investor protection to make it a fluid vehicle for small investors to invest and to make it attractive for startups to use it as a means of doing their funding.
Thus, the technology is there today to facilitate a robust crowdfunding marketplace but the law is not there for traditional reasons of investor protection. And so the current efforts sputter along akin to how an otherwise intriguing startup might seem to have almost unlimited potential but never quite seems to gain traction.
It took five years to get the regs in place to support the statute that put this funding mechanism in place. That is slow because the issues (in my view) are intractable. Will another five years make a substantial difference. In my view, no.
But who knows? My free market side says do away with the investor protections and let it rip. But the lawyer in me says, no way - such a free-for-all will likely cause many to be duped and few to prosper. It is not an easy choice and that is why I think this will ultimately remain sputtering along with highly uncertain prospects of effecting true change in the investment landscape.
- tptacek 9y agoAnd, I think equally importantly: even if you could overcome the regulatory obstacles to put retail investors on an even footing with institutional investors in the eyes of the law, VCs would retain market-bending advantages, and there's little the SEC can do about that. In the same sense that retail investors are urged not to try to outcompete professional investors by picking stocks, equity crowdfunders are in direct competition with VC firms. VC firms are staffed by professional investment bankers who build relationships with pension funds and endowments that give them access to enormous amounts of money. They understand --- because it's their job --- how to manage portfolios in which most of their investments will be zeroed out, and so they can negotiate better deals. This seems like a vicious cycle of adverse selection.
- caoxuwen 9y agoGenuinely curious, been looking into it recently - what're the problem with unregulated public offering? Things i can think of are insider trading, misleading information, ponzi scheme, etc.
- vkou 9y agoAdd "Our business model consists of paying salaries to ourselves, using investor funds." The regulations that public firms are burdened with are intended to make it possible for investors to figure out if these kinds of shenanigans are happening at your company. Private firms are exempt, because only sophisticated investors can invest in them, and they can do their own due dilligence/can afford to lose their investment. If your crowdfunded startup is willing to provide enough information for your investors to be able to figure this out, you may as well take it public.