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ok umm doubly fed induction motors, wound rotor generators, and asynchronous generators actually all have rotors and stators which are comprised of rare earth

ok umm doubly fed induction motors, wound rotor generators, and asynchronous generators actually all have rotors and stators which are comprised of rare earth metals.... Unless rotors and stators are made from something else? What are the rotors and stators made from? A doubly fed induction generator has conversion control systems in that you can control the rotor via power electronics control circuitry for controlling real and reactive power output and thus voltages for low voltage ride throughs, remaining synced to the power grid network frequency and other things for internally controlling the turbine when extra resources are available not needed on the grid, added on top of the generation system, but the generator is still there, and...what are these rotors and stators made out of? A doubly Tesla is RE free but they are an exception to the rule right now, but I am a big Tesla fan, and I'm not bashing on their designs. Solar panels use tellerium which is a rare earth metal, and the inverters, which are also used in turbines, and air conditioning units, among other things which rely on tungsten. In addition, inverters are some of the most lossy circuits in existence and their current failure rates in production last half the lifespan, don't believe me ask Solar City.... The integration of solar roofing circuitry now requires lithography like production techniques which are incredibly expensive and filled with all kinds of rare earth elements. The rare earth metals mine in California mined for other things other than just permanent magnets. Electric cars are great, but there are alot of things that use permanent magnets that are transportation vehicles.

philipkglass 9y ago
Rotor and stator materials: copper or aluminum for windings and laminated steel for cores. Tellurium based solar PV had about 4% market share last year. The vast majority of PV is based on crystalline silicon (over 90% market share). Tellurium is rare but it is not actually a rare earth. Rare earth element is a term used to designate the lanthanides plus yttrium and scandium. "Rare earth metal" is not just another way of saying "metal that is rare on Earth." Can you show where tungsten is used in inverters? That would be interesting to see, but tungsten too is not a rare earth metal. I think that you are also incorrect to state that "The integration of solar roofing circuitry now requires lithography like production techniques which are incredibly expensive and filled with all kinds of rare earth elements" but I will happily admit that I am wrong if you can document it.
- usmeteora 9y ago
  Sure. Rotor and stator materials: copper or aluminum for windings and laminated steel for cores. For Tesla, but for doubly fed generators in wind turbines? Are you sure? I don't think so. For the Prius, 25ibs of rare earth metals, wind turbines have specified laminated steel for their generators? Tungsten inaturally occurs at 1.5 parts per million in the earths crust, and otherwise has to be manufactored. A concept I want to differentiate now is the 17 rare earth metals from a classical chemistry point of view, and the concept of rare earth metals in regards to the economy perceived as rare, with volatile pricing which makes investment and investment in products relying on it risky 1. The cost of mining the supposedly relatively abundant element out of the earth and the by porudcts produced by mining it 2. the locations in which it is legally allowed to be mined due to environmental or other resitrctions 3. the degree to which the country producing it is willing to export, and the exponential pricing subject to that to control its rarity relative to demand. The fewer the countries that produce an element, and process the element, the more control they have over the pricing and its rarity relative to market distribution and therefore pricing... https://www.forbes.com/sites/halahtouryalai/2012/04/02/a-rare-metal-youve-never-heard-of-is-on-a-tear/#2b69fed3290d https://www.forbes.com/sites/halahtouryalai/2012/04/02/a-rar... For example, here's something about lithium being effectively rare earth in the eoconomy despite being the 25th most abundant elements in relation to Elon Musks ventures since I also found this as a response to someone else commenting on this saying lithium is not a rare earth issue...think again https://lasvegassun.com/news/2017/mar/20/lithium-how-a-mineral-found-in-nevada-could-power/ https://lasvegassun.com/news/2017/mar/20/lithium-how-a-miner... Solar As solar roofing moves from panels to actual roofing as Solar City and many other groups are following this trend, the units of solar being integrated are becoming smaller, and lithography is effectively a technique which uses manipulation of lasers and optics on lasers to reduce the nm level size of designs ingrained on a wafer which are then after a process of four months subject to a series of chemical depositions and polishes in vacuum vapors to create transisors. As solar integration becomes increasingly modular with decreasing size, and the integration of the circuits within them, the transfer of lithography technology from nm level transistors into backend solar panel integration is now what the industry is moving into. Tungsten in relation to inverters... http://www.thefabricator.com/article/consumables/selecting-the-right-tungsten http://www.thefabricator.com/article/consumables/selecting-t... Tungsten is one of the original sources that inverter technology utilized and is utilized in audio amps too. This is also why google gave away $1 million to the little box challenge, in a crowdsourced acknowledgment of the lack of innovation around inverter technology pacing with the sustainable application that connect into the grid utilizing inverter technology, but mostly due to the inefficiency of the circuit, and the size, and less in this particular application about the pricing of the elements involved: https://littleboxchallenge.com/ https://littleboxchallenge.com/

philipkglass 9y ago

Rotor and stator materials: copper or aluminum for windings and laminated steel for cores. Tellurium based solar PV had about 4% market share last year. The vast majority of PV is based on crystalline silicon (over 90% market share). Tellurium is rare but it is not actually a rare earth. Rare earth element is a term used to designate the lanthanides plus yttrium and scandium. "Rare earth metal" is not just another way of saying "metal that is rare on Earth." Can you show where tungsten is used in inverters? That would be interesting to see, but tungsten too is not a rare earth metal. I think that you are also incorrect to state that "The integration of solar roofing circuitry now requires lithography like production techniques which are incredibly expensive and filled with all kinds of rare earth elements" but I will happily admit that I am wrong if you can document it.

usmeteora 9y ago
Sure. Rotor and stator materials: copper or aluminum for windings and laminated steel for cores. For Tesla, but for doubly fed generators in wind turbines? Are you sure? I don't think so. For the Prius, 25ibs of rare earth metals, wind turbines have specified laminated steel for their generators? Tungsten inaturally occurs at 1.5 parts per million in the earths crust, and otherwise has to be manufactored. A concept I want to differentiate now is the 17 rare earth metals from a classical chemistry point of view, and the concept of rare earth metals in regards to the economy perceived as rare, with volatile pricing which makes investment and investment in products relying on it risky 1. The cost of mining the supposedly relatively abundant element out of the earth and the by porudcts produced by mining it 2. the locations in which it is legally allowed to be mined due to environmental or other resitrctions 3. the degree to which the country producing it is willing to export, and the exponential pricing subject to that to control its rarity relative to demand. The fewer the countries that produce an element, and process the element, the more control they have over the pricing and its rarity relative to market distribution and therefore pricing... https://www.forbes.com/sites/halahtouryalai/2012/04/02/a-rare-metal-youve-never-heard-of-is-on-a-tear/#2b69fed3290d https://www.forbes.com/sites/halahtouryalai/2012/04/02/a-rar... For example, here's something about lithium being effectively rare earth in the eoconomy despite being the 25th most abundant elements in relation to Elon Musks ventures since I also found this as a response to someone else commenting on this saying lithium is not a rare earth issue...think again https://lasvegassun.com/news/2017/mar/20/lithium-how-a-mineral-found-in-nevada-could-power/ https://lasvegassun.com/news/2017/mar/20/lithium-how-a-miner... Solar As solar roofing moves from panels to actual roofing as Solar City and many other groups are following this trend, the units of solar being integrated are becoming smaller, and lithography is effectively a technique which uses manipulation of lasers and optics on lasers to reduce the nm level size of designs ingrained on a wafer which are then after a process of four months subject to a series of chemical depositions and polishes in vacuum vapors to create transisors. As solar integration becomes increasingly modular with decreasing size, and the integration of the circuits within them, the transfer of lithography technology from nm level transistors into backend solar panel integration is now what the industry is moving into. Tungsten in relation to inverters... http://www.thefabricator.com/article/consumables/selecting-the-right-tungsten http://www.thefabricator.com/article/consumables/selecting-t... Tungsten is one of the original sources that inverter technology utilized and is utilized in audio amps too. This is also why google gave away $1 million to the little box challenge, in a crowdsourced acknowledgment of the lack of innovation around inverter technology pacing with the sustainable application that connect into the grid utilizing inverter technology, but mostly due to the inefficiency of the circuit, and the size, and less in this particular application about the pricing of the elements involved: https://littleboxchallenge.com/ https://littleboxchallenge.com/