I think labeling this denialism is disingenuous and unhelpful. Vaccines have positive exernalities, but they also have personal costs, both medically recognized

I think labeling this denialism is disingenuous and unhelpful. Vaccines have positive exernalities, but they also have personal costs, both medically recognized¹ and those outside of medical consensus (by a variety of degrees). As I think the majority of vaccine decliners would not argue that the vaccines have no positive externality, what we're dealing with is more of a tragedy of the commons, worsened by the scientifically unjustified fears. I think the difference is important, because it affects how we deal with the problem. The solution to denialism would be to convince people that the positive externality does exist. The solution to fear of the direct effects of the vaccine may be more difficult. In the country of Tuskegee, of Holmesburg Prison, of the PolyHeme tests (2006), of the ADS "pain-ray" tests at Pitchess Detention Center (2010), can we really blame people who aren't (privileged) for not trusting the government to have their health in mind? [1]: From the article: According to the CDC... fevers after the MMR vaccine occur in one out of six people, and mild rashes, in one in 20.