The University of Minnesota did a study on cross-device emoji interpretation. https://grouplens.org/blog/investigating-the-potential-for-miscommunication-using

The University of Minnesota did a study on cross-device emoji interpretation. https://grouplens.org/blog/investigating-the-potential-for-miscommunication-using-emoji/ https://grouplens.org/blog/investigating-the-potential-for-m... Many of the really common emojis have very different emotional connotations on different devices. For example "Grinning Face with Smiling Eyes" is viewed much more negatively by Apple users -- probably because the face looks like its grimacing, rather than grinning.