I was thinking your 10k person model sounds like how research funding works... which seems to be a moderately functional model. With your 1000 person model, I'

I was thinking your 10k person model sounds like how research funding works... which seems to be a moderately functional model. With your 1000 person model, I'd do away with the boss (in the sense of hiring and firing). With that few people, you can all just work together fairly easily, with natural leaders emerging for different projects (and hiring/firing decisions can be made by the team as a whole). There is a factory in NC that makes aircraft engines that works this way, and it is quite successful. The teams are self organizing internally, and send representatives to deal with other teams and plant management.