> The only time avoiding the certificate entirely is when the signal it provides is negative. It is possible for the same action send a positive signal when do

> The only time avoiding the certificate entirely is when the signal it provides is negative. It is possible for the same action send a positive signal when done by some people and a negative signal when done by others. Specifically there can be 'contersignaling' [0], which is basically signaling that you don't need to signal. [0]: https://kelley.iu.edu/riharbau/cs-randfinal.pdf https://kelley.iu.edu/riharbau/cs-randfinal.pdf