I'm assuming OP was addressing the difference between religious rules and purely cultural traditions. Many muslim-majority countries suffer from traditions tha

I'm assuming OP was addressing the difference between religious rules and purely cultural traditions. Many muslim-majority countries suffer from traditions that have been mixed up with religion (things like female circumcision in Mauritania or Egypt, preferring male children to females in some muslim Asian countries, all type of pagan rituals/"sorcery" in Morocco, etc.). Those things are in direct contradiction with the most common/popular interpretations, and yet people will present them as being linked to Islam (quite hard to find a commonly accepted interpretation of the Quran asking women to be circumsised, or allowing people to adore saints and "cast spells")