> which is exactly the same frame rate as Studio Ghibli movies. No. Most cartoon animation uses a variable cadence, including Ghibli. Assuming 24fps film they

> which is exactly the same frame rate as Studio Ghibli movies. No. Most cartoon animation uses a variable cadence, including Ghibli. Assuming 24fps film they may animate every 1st, 2nd (12fps) or 3rd (8fps) frame. TV shows might occasionally drop down to every 4th frame (6fps), but that tends to look pretty bad. And it's often not as simple as fixed ratios, there are more complicated patterns like 10100101001. Different layers can also be animated at different intervals, e.g. the swaying grass is done on even frames, the rain drops on odd frames while the character moves at yet another rate. Animating on 1s is rarely done though, usually for action scenes or similar things that are supposed to look especially dynamic.