> All these faults seem to me to be the result of inadequate use of types. This was my first thought, too. The examples he showed were not particularily comple

> All these faults seem to me to be the result of inadequate use of types. This was my first thought, too. The examples he showed were not particularily complex, but mostly badly designed interfaces between components. A function that takes a string argument with special behaviour if the string starts with "|"? WTF? If course you have at least two parameters for that, or a sum type ("union" on stereoids). But if it is a pain to transport structured data throughout your program, the language encourages you to employ all these anti-patterns that will of course bite you, because this special behaviour is not obvious from the function signature.