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If I can offer some advice in the other direction, don't use cookies. I tried to do the right thing, use HTTP-only cookies set over an HTTPS endpoint only to f

If I can offer some advice in the other direction, don't use cookies. I tried to do the right thing, use HTTP-only cookies set over an HTTPS endpoint only to find that it's stupidly complicated and has a lot of annoying edge cases. Turns out iOS's webviews don't like them, iOS in general doesn't like them to be on api.hostname.com if the app is on app.hostname.com, you can't validate if you are logged in or not without doing a web request (which is annoying as hell if you are trying to keep a "logged in" state in something like a react app), you need to deal with a bunch of stupid flags to get the damn browser to even let them go across domains, and a hell of a lot of other annoyances that I can't remember right now. We are most likely moving to something like JWTs (stored in localstorage or indexeddb) soon because of these issues.

yarper 10y ago
Ideally you need to use httpOnly cookies to store your JWTs too.
- zimbatm 10y ago
  If the SPA is doing XHR requests then a localStorage is also an option. It has the advantage that the application can control on which requests the token is being sent, in contracts with cookies where they are sent for any requests on then domain.
cptskippy 10y ago
Wouldn't you need to assign your cookies to the TLD for them to be accessible to both subdomains?
- Klathmon 10y ago
  We only wanted them assigned to the subdomain that needed them (api.hostname.com), and we set it up that way to make sure we wouldn't accidentally expose cookies to other domains down the line.
  - zeveb 10y ago
    I think you should probably have used another common parent domain, like app.web.hostname.com & api.web.hostname.com, with the cookies set for *.web.hostname.com (or something).
- zimbatm 10y ago
  It would also send them to the CDN if it's hosted on a cdn. subdomain.
  - cptskippy 10y ago
    Definitely, there's a whole host of potential pitfalls from assigning cookies to the TLD. From the OP's post though it sounded like their issue was one subdomain being unable to access cookies of another subdomain.
    - Klathmon 10y ago
      It's more issues with "3rd party" cookies. "app.hostname.tld" doesn't need to actually access the cookies at all, it just needs to make requests to "api.hostname.tld" which sets the cookies and then later validates them. Unfortunately safari blocks this use case unless you have also been to "api.hostname.tld" directly and there doesn't seen to be any easy way around it (outside of allowing all 3rd party cookies...) And while iOS safari now handles this (i think they allow *.hostname.tld to use 3rd party cookies for any other subdomains as long as hostname isn't a common provider or something?) it doesn't seem to work consistently for UIWebView or WKWebView hybrid applications. And the "allow 3rd party cookies" setting doesn't seem to apply to the web views either.
      - cptskippy 10y ago
        Ahh... yes I'm familiar. I've worked on a couple apps where Apple/Mozilla 3rd Party Cookie polices were a pain point. One option we used was an interstitial page that the user visited briefly hosted on the API layer. Another was switching from cookies to Bearer Tokens which is a whole other bag of worms.
zepolen 10y ago
When you say validate login in a react app, what do you mean? Surely the only way to validate a login is to make a request. Or are you saying that your tokens never expire?
- Klathmon 10y ago
  Not really validate, just maintain state. (probably should have worded that better...) Of course the server is going to validate it every request, but it's nicer being able to fail "sooner" on the client side when we know we aren't signed in, or we have never signed in, or our token expired a day ago and we need to re-login, etc... With HTTPOnly cookies we need to make a request to find any of that out, and when paired with redux and react it's very annoying to have to make a web request to get a small glimpse into what the state really is and try and maintain that in a JS value somewhere AND avoid flashes of incorrect state. Hell with HTTPOnly cookies you can't even clear it without a web request!
ozim 10y ago
Can't you do "*.hostname.com" asp.net mvc handles it for me and I have subdomains for each customer and they log in and operate in their subdomain. All special cookie flags are configurable so it keeps top security. Getting cookies across domains is something you don't want to do, so I have kind of idea that maybe, probably you are doing something wrong. My advice is "use proper framework".
devdoomari 10y ago
well you can use JWT + Cookies... JWT request to https://api.somewhere.com/token-signin https://api.somewhere.com/token-signin to get cookies for https://api.somewhere.com https://api.somewhere.com (of course you 'can' but I'm not sure if this is recommended or not.)
joepie91_ 10y ago
These "annoyances" are security features. They're there for a reason. Learn how they work and why they exist. Use them. Stop trying to treat them as bugs that you need to work around.
- Klathmon 10y ago
  The fact that an iOS UIWebView doesn't allow you to set 3rd party cookies in spite of what the user allows in Safari's settings is a security feature? The fact that I can't get an app hosted at app.hostname.tld to send a cookie to api.hostname.tld when both the app requesting it allows credentials to be sent in the XHR request and the server is allowing app.hostname.tld to send credentials with the header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials on all platforms is a security feature? The fact that I can't purge an HTTPOnly cookie in javascript without making a call to an endpoint is a security feature? The fact that cookies default to JS readable and work across http and HTTPS and you need to make sure to set flags like "Secure" and "HTTPOnly" or you will be open to all kinds of attacks is a security feature? The fact that cookies are sent on all requests on that domain and preventing browsers from doing that is what brought me down this path in the first place is a security feature? Yes, there are security features that cookies give you that are extremely useful, however the downsides, bugs, differing implementations, arbitrary defaults, and the need to know the right set of flags and headers to send to make it secure aren't features. Not to mention that you STILL need to do things like CSRF-Protection to actually secure it.
maktouch 10y ago
That's weird. Cookies are part of the HTTP standard, no? That means iOS would be the one that is not respecting the RFC. Kinda like Safari throwing exceptions when you're trying to access localstorage in incognito.

yarper 10y ago

Ideally you need to use httpOnly cookies to store your JWTs too.

zimbatm 10y ago
If the SPA is doing XHR requests then a localStorage is also an option. It has the advantage that the application can control on which requests the token is being sent, in contracts with cookies where they are sent for any requests on then domain.

cptskippy 10y ago

Wouldn't you need to assign your cookies to the TLD for them to be accessible to both subdomains?

Klathmon 10y ago
We only wanted them assigned to the subdomain that needed them (api.hostname.com), and we set it up that way to make sure we wouldn't accidentally expose cookies to other domains down the line.
- zeveb 10y ago
  I think you should probably have used another common parent domain, like app.web.hostname.com & api.web.hostname.com, with the cookies set for *.web.hostname.com (or something).
zimbatm 10y ago
It would also send them to the CDN if it's hosted on a cdn. subdomain.
- cptskippy 10y ago
  Definitely, there's a whole host of potential pitfalls from assigning cookies to the TLD. From the OP's post though it sounded like their issue was one subdomain being unable to access cookies of another subdomain.
  - Klathmon 10y ago
    It's more issues with "3rd party" cookies. "app.hostname.tld" doesn't need to actually access the cookies at all, it just needs to make requests to "api.hostname.tld" which sets the cookies and then later validates them. Unfortunately safari blocks this use case unless you have also been to "api.hostname.tld" directly and there doesn't seen to be any easy way around it (outside of allowing all 3rd party cookies...) And while iOS safari now handles this (i think they allow *.hostname.tld to use 3rd party cookies for any other subdomains as long as hostname isn't a common provider or something?) it doesn't seem to work consistently for UIWebView or WKWebView hybrid applications. And the "allow 3rd party cookies" setting doesn't seem to apply to the web views either.
    - cptskippy 10y ago
      Ahh... yes I'm familiar. I've worked on a couple apps where Apple/Mozilla 3rd Party Cookie polices were a pain point. One option we used was an interstitial page that the user visited briefly hosted on the API layer. Another was switching from cookies to Bearer Tokens which is a whole other bag of worms.

zepolen 10y ago

When you say validate login in a react app, what do you mean? Surely the only way to validate a login is to make a request. Or are you saying that your tokens never expire?

Klathmon 10y ago
Not really validate, just maintain state. (probably should have worded that better...) Of course the server is going to validate it every request, but it's nicer being able to fail "sooner" on the client side when we know we aren't signed in, or we have never signed in, or our token expired a day ago and we need to re-login, etc... With HTTPOnly cookies we need to make a request to find any of that out, and when paired with redux and react it's very annoying to have to make a web request to get a small glimpse into what the state really is and try and maintain that in a JS value somewhere AND avoid flashes of incorrect state. Hell with HTTPOnly cookies you can't even clear it without a web request!

ozim 10y ago

Can't you do "*.hostname.com" asp.net mvc handles it for me and I have subdomains for each customer and they log in and operate in their subdomain. All special cookie flags are configurable so it keeps top security. Getting cookies across domains is something you don't want to do, so I have kind of idea that maybe, probably you are doing something wrong. My advice is "use proper framework".

devdoomari 10y ago

well you can use JWT + Cookies... JWT request to https://api.somewhere.com/token-signin https://api.somewhere.com/token-signin to get cookies for https://api.somewhere.com https://api.somewhere.com (of course you 'can' but I'm not sure if this is recommended or not.)

joepie91_ 10y ago

These "annoyances" are security features. They're there for a reason. Learn how they work and why they exist. Use them. Stop trying to treat them as bugs that you need to work around.

Klathmon 10y ago
The fact that an iOS UIWebView doesn't allow you to set 3rd party cookies in spite of what the user allows in Safari's settings is a security feature? The fact that I can't get an app hosted at app.hostname.tld to send a cookie to api.hostname.tld when both the app requesting it allows credentials to be sent in the XHR request and the server is allowing app.hostname.tld to send credentials with the header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials on all platforms is a security feature? The fact that I can't purge an HTTPOnly cookie in javascript without making a call to an endpoint is a security feature? The fact that cookies default to JS readable and work across http and HTTPS and you need to make sure to set flags like "Secure" and "HTTPOnly" or you will be open to all kinds of attacks is a security feature? The fact that cookies are sent on all requests on that domain and preventing browsers from doing that is what brought me down this path in the first place is a security feature? Yes, there are security features that cookies give you that are extremely useful, however the downsides, bugs, differing implementations, arbitrary defaults, and the need to know the right set of flags and headers to send to make it secure aren't features. Not to mention that you STILL need to do things like CSRF-Protection to actually secure it.

maktouch 10y ago

That's weird. Cookies are part of the HTTP standard, no? That means iOS would be the one that is not respecting the RFC. Kinda like Safari throwing exceptions when you're trying to access localstorage in incognito.