1) Yes, ThorLabs sells them: https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=1132 https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=11... 2)

1) Yes, ThorLabs sells them: https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=1132 https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=11... 2) You mean like a fun house mirror? 3) So you mean have a screen shine through a wonky lens at a camera? 4) Yes, this is commonly done with interferometers in many junior physics lab classes, though the set-up is different. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_coherence_tomography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_coherence_tomography 5) So, try to figure out how the surface deforms the light image. 6) Yes, we have been doing this for many years now: https://www.edmundoptics.com/resources/application-notes/optics/introduction-to-adaptive-optics-and-deformable-mirrors/ https://www.edmundoptics.com/resources/application-notes/opt... Yes, that is considered a 'solved' problem, but the costs and market for such devices limits their wide-spread use. Typically they are used for nanoscopes and telescopes. There are a few purveyors, but add 2 0s to the end of whatever you think the cost should be. The limiting factor is the light coming in and having a 'known' value to measure your noise against. In telescopes, this is typically a 'guide' star that has a very well calibrated light spectrum and positions that you can measure the noise values against. Also, another cool thing youmay want to look into is electro-wetting lenses, basically a digital lens: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrowetting https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrowetting