> The real issue is code abstracted bottom-up instead of proper design. Exactly. We're (basically) saying the same thing here. I kept my comment short-and-sw

> The real issue is code abstracted bottom-up instead of proper design. Exactly. We're (basically) saying the same thing here. I kept my comment short-and-sweet as not to get into the nitty-gritty of everyone's different work situations/requirements/stances on different testing practices/building an app vs a library or service/programming paradigm/etc. To expand ever so slightly: "These days I'm all about 'dirty integration' first to help inform my ultimate design."