>For any piano and especially the upright, the bass strings are actually too short to produce any vibration of the main frequency, Not sure what you're talking

>For any piano and especially the upright, the bass strings are actually too short to produce any vibration of the main frequency, Not sure what you're talking about here. For example, the lowest guitar string is an E2 which is 82.4Hz. If you calculate[1] the wavelength, it is 13.7 ft. The string lengths from bridge to nut[2] are only ~25 inches long and yet it's reproducing the fundamental of 82.4Hz without requiring the brain to fill in the gap. I think that misunderstanding is similar to believing that a speaker can't reproduce 82.4Hz because the cone is not 13.7 feet in diameter, or you can't hear an E2 in a small room because the width and height of the walls is less than 13 feet. If this were true, when you listen on earphones, all 88 keys of a piano and entire range of guitar and vocals would be "audio illusions" of the fundamental frequencies since the physical sizes of the transducers and ear cavity are all less than 1 inch. The highest 88th key on piano is a C8 with a wavlength of 3.2 inches. [1] http://www.mcsquared.com/wavelength.htm http://www.mcsquared.com/wavelength.htm [2] https://www.guitarlessonworld.com/lessons/parts-guitar-learn-guitars-anatomy/ https://www.guitarlessonworld.com/lessons/parts-guitar-learn...