on 2) I think if investors are rewarded for the risk they take, then other stock holders should also be rewarded for the opportunity cost they've sacrificed. So

on 2) I think if investors are rewarded for the risk they take, then other stock holders should also be rewarded for the opportunity cost they've sacrificed. So specifically, in terms of 'a similar deal' I'm talking about tax incentives. At the very least, I think tax shouldn't apply until you cash out - this just makes sense. Perhaps the system could also offer a tax incentive for lower returns for non-investor shareholders to recognise sacrificed opportunity cost as well.