Aviation is all over this. Most airports have an Internet-connected weather station reporting wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and even dewpoint (which

Aviation is all over this. Most airports have an Internet-connected weather station reporting wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and even dewpoint (which is a measurable quantity). This raw data is fairly high quality, publicly available in a standard format, and fed into weather processing systems. Another data source that comes from aviation is airplanes. Especially airliners, because the airline companies really want to avoid areas of strong turbulence. So they mandate their pilots to make pilot reports of wind speed, temperature, turbulence, to air traffic controllers who in turn make it available to weather forecasters (it is a data point, again standard format and reasonably well trained reporters makes for overall pretty good quality data.) There's a huge community already feeding data into weather underground. I am not sure if NOAA uses weather underground data, but I suspect they do not because the quality of the data is not very reliable (station mount, model, terrain in the immediate vicinity of the station, etc.) Weather balloons and satellites fill in most of the rest of the data sources. All weather models are 3D. Terrain is a major factor in weather. The weather forecast is usually pretty good in the time window of the next 24 hours around very specific places, such as the TAF report for major airports, which covers the 2 miles around the airport, and resolving weather to within a 2 hour time frame. Of course, you likely won't be windsurfing there, and I suspect you want a higher resolution weather, such as to within 1/4 mile, with 30 minutes event bracket, and 7 days out. Wouldn't we all!