Well, it's a huge subject, but a couple of good starting points on the neuroscience angle are the works of B. Alan Wallace ("Contemplative Science: Where Buddhi

Well, it's a huge subject, but a couple of good starting points on the neuroscience angle are the works of B. Alan Wallace ("Contemplative Science: Where Buddhism and Neuroscience Converge", for example) or Mathieu Ricard ("The Quantum and the Lotus: A Journey to the Frontiers Where Science and Buddhism Meet", for example). If, however, you are looking for a more general introduction to Buddhism (and Buddhist psychology) from a rationalist perspective, I'd recommend Stephen Batchelor's "Buddhism Without Beliefs."