There is a company who is trying to do that with a spectrometer but they product is controversial: https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/16/scio-the-pocket-sized-mole

There is a company who is trying to do that with a spectrometer but they product is controversial: https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/16/scio-the-pocket-sized-molecular-analyzer-is-making-everyone-angry/ https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/16/scio-the-pocket-sized-mole...