It also differs based on study. Am I worried about getting scooped on the results of a major, multi-year cohort study that would take thousands of dollars to r

It also differs based on study. Am I worried about getting scooped on the results of a major, multi-year cohort study that would take thousands of dollars to replicate? Nope. Am I worried about being scooped on the math modeling study that is perfectly reproducible based on two slides from a presentation? Hell yes.