France has historically been a country with some small, associative ISPs. The oldest ISP in France, FDN (French Data Network) is an association. In 2011 they cr

France has historically been a country with some small, associative ISPs. The oldest ISP in France, FDN (French Data Network) is an association. In 2011 they created a federation of such ISPs, FFDN. Check out their home page if you are interested, they have some information in English: https://www.ffdn.org/en https://www.ffdn.org/en