Whether she champions for bribing or it seeme to be that her observations of the form "bribes can make things in the economy move smoother, and might actually c

Whether she champions for bribing or it seeme to be that her observations of the form "bribes can make things in the economy move smoother, and might actually contribute to growth" dangerous to me. One should not forget that bribes contribute to black money (nobody declares it and hence no tax on it). So if a business invests "X" amount in money which is legitimate and if they invest "Y" amount as bribes they would never show the amount spent on bribes in their books. But they have to make a profit on the total amount invested (X+Y) and one way they might go about is by shortchanging the customers (either low quality or poor service). The argument that in an open market a competitor can offer a better price/service ratio wouldn't fly since any entity entering the business would have to spend some amount as bribe money. So all in all in my opinion the customer ends up paying more (or getting less for what he paid for). Given this I wonder how bribes can positively contribute to overall growth.