3 ms·
> We've been working on this for over 15 years. Over 25 years, actually - CMU's ALVINN (1989) was one of the first full-sized vehicle implementations: http://
by cr0sh 10y ago
> We've been working on this for over 15 years.
Over 25 years, actually - CMU's ALVINN (1989) was one of the first full-sized vehicle implementations:
http://repository.cmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2874&context=compsci http://repository.cmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2874&c...
It was preceded by an E-MAXX based RC car system called DAVE (DARPA Autonomous Vehicle).
CMU also worked on an investigated other systems, going back to 1984 or so:
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/alv/www/ http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/alv/www/
They had an interesting system called the Terragator, from at least 1983; I can't find a paper about this system, though I know they exist - there is a video, though:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beGRM9ZmWlI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beGRM9ZmWlI
One might consider the Stanford Cart as an earlier example (I believed it used computer vision techniques - and was really slow at computing the "next move"):
https://web.stanford.edu/~learnest/cart.htm https://web.stanford.edu/~learnest/cart.htm
(side note: As part of SAIL, the Cart was instrumental in paving the way for Thrun's Stanley - which won the DARPA Grand Challenge, and ultimately led to Google's efforts in self-driving cars)
ALVINN was unique in that it used a (simple compared to today's CNNs and deep learning) neural network (and a WARP systolic array):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WARP_(systolic_array) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WARP_(systolic_array)
...coupled to a camera to digitize and model/learn the road features for driving, while "watching" the human driver (early form of "behavioral cloning" - but it wasn't termed as such in the various papers you can find about ALVINN).
Interestingly, during the ML Class in 2011 (which I participated in), one of the students - after we were shown several times how ALVINN worked - decided to replicate the system using "modern hardware":
http://blog.davidsingleton.org/nnrccar/ http://blog.davidsingleton.org/nnrccar/
We've really come a long way...