Researchers already do this in the neuroimaging community. The technique is called MVPA (see http://www.pymvpa.org/index.html http://www.pymvpa.org/index.html

Researchers already do this in the neuroimaging community. The technique is called MVPA (see http://www.pymvpa.org/index.html http://www.pymvpa.org/index.html for an implementation). The problems of machine learning in general also apply here, as nom pointed out. Classifiers applied to brain images are only as good as the training datasets used.