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The bottle deposit is called "pfand" here you can see a machine in operation in a supermarket: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLKmr0uVhWo https://www.youtube.c

The bottle deposit is called "pfand" here you can see a machine in operation in a supermarket: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLKmr0uVhWo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLKmr0uVhWo Some more details on the program: https://www.reddit.com/r/germany/comments/18rpwa/i_have_a_few_questions_about_pfand_and_those/ https://www.reddit.com/r/germany/comments/18rpwa/i_have_a_fe... As an expat in Germany, I was very impressed by the whole system. You can scan your bottles, get a receipt and use that to subtract from your purchase in the supermarket (or get cash). If you have an empty beer crate full of empty bottles, the bottom of the pfand machine in the video above has a slot and a conveyor belt that scans the amount of bottles in the crate and adds it to your total (8c per glass bottle). If you order your groceries online, the delivery guy will collect your bottles and issue the discount on the spot. Homeless people often gather enormous amounts of bottles after events, such as Oktoberfest. People sometimes casually drinking on the street will leave glass bottles next to the bin so that the homeless guys have an easy time finding the pfand bottle to recycle.

danielbln 10y ago
As a German, the thing I like most is that you never ever see bottle trash lying around in parks or on the street, as any stray bottle is quickly (and I mean within minutes) swept up by the homeless/less fortunate.
- matt4077 10y ago
  It's one of the most successful top->down redistribution projects.
  - dx034 10y ago
    And at the same time there's no tax question and the rate of fraud has been very low.
- tommorris 10y ago
  Last time I was in Germany, I saw a few homeless men sitting at the side of the road, asking a family who were walking to church if they could have the empty plastic bottles. All three of the children rolled their empty bottles across the street to the homeless men. They had a box with quite a few empty plastic water bottles in it. One of many things that impressed me in Germany.
  - mgv11 10y ago
    Actually it is not just the homeless guys who pick up the bottles. I've seen all sort of people picking up the empty bottles here.
    - mercer 10y ago
      One of my flatmates did it for a while to pad his unemployment money. It's probably not that normal to do, but anywhere else I've lived this would be unthinkable.
      - dx034 10y ago
        You can make a lot of money with it if you do it in areas where the homeless rate is low. Especially in the first years when it wasn't that common, I knew someone who made more than 40€ per hour with a good strategy of where to go. Best thing about it is that it's tax free and legal.
- Symbiote 10y ago
  I see more rubbish in parks in Copenhagen, with a deposit sysetm, than I used to in London, where there is no deposit system. Homeless people pick up the beer bottles, and cola cans, but they won't collect the wine bottles, or the packaging from the snacks, but Danes seem to leave this in the park with the bottles.
- DanBC 10y ago
  It's nice that the streets are clean, but maybe we'd be doing better if we just gave those people cleaning jobs that they can do plus some support with staying in the job, and accommodation, and medical help if needed.
  - lmm 10y ago
    Sure, but that's not trivial. E.g. in many cases these are people who might be unable/unwilling to work any kind of regular or fixed hours, so making this a regular-employment job would hurt those people.
sveme 10y ago
Adding to that, a lot of homeless people have to dumpster dive to get out those returnable bottles, which obviously is pretty humiliating. So some guys first developed stickers saying "Bottles belong next to the trashbin" and put them on a lot of trashbins - later, another group invented the "Pfandring" or deposit ring which is attached to a trashbin and asks you to put your bottle in the ring, not the trashbin. I find it fascinating how small regulatory practices can have enormous social effects. [1]https://images.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmobil.ksta.de%2Fimage%2F3210194%2F2x1%2F580%2F290%2Fa1394b053a81fe9b41033c3653298cef%2FHW%2Fpfandring-jpg.jpg&f=1 https://images.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmobil.ksta....
- mercer 10y ago
  I still feel the strong urge to leave bottles next to the trash can even though I don't live in Germany anymore. It's one of those weird 'customs' I picked up. Others customs include: - Opening all my windows at least once a day and leaving them open until it's freezing inside. - Feeling anything but 'meh' about asparagus. - making sure I have cash when leaving the house (although that may be Berlin-specific) - buying the bitter 'fizzy water'. - using my plastic shopping bags as trash bags
- gumby 10y ago
  When I lived in Boston in the 1990s, homeless people would tear open the trash bags in the hope of finding drink containers that could be returned for credit. As a result rubbish was scattered everywhere.
Spooky23 10y ago
That's great. In New York, we have $0.05 deposits, and which are less effective than the high deposits in Europe but dramatically increase the recycling rate. The biggest gap is that many bottles (wine & liquor, juice, milk, etc) are exempt, and the diversion rates are much lower. I wish they did the same thing for plastic bags. Bottle litter is pretty limited these days, but I live on a side street off of an avenue, and we get a lot of blown in bags from that street. The bags clog storm drains, get caught in trees, etc.
- brokenrhino 10y ago
  In Michigan we have had $0.10 deposit on beer bottles and pop(soda) bottles for a long time. It appears to extremely successful. You never see bottles littered anywhere, they are always picked up by someone in need. Gas station garbage can a frequently sorted through for returnables. School programs like band and sports teams will have bottle drives where they send the kids around through the neighborhood and collect bottles. It is a very successful fundraising method for them.
  - mikestew 10y ago
    Growing up in Indiana, it was hard not to notice the contrast in side ditch cleanliness when crossing the state line. Part of it is cultural, too, as the ditches in WA are a lot cleaner than in my Indiana childhood, and WA doesn't have any bottle laws.
- Freak_NL 10y ago
  In The Netherlands plastic bags can no longer be given away for free since the beginning of this year (some messy foodstuffs are excepted; e.g., the fishmonger). Shops are free to decide what to charge (mostly €0,10 to €0,25) but the overall effect is that people are (again) getting in the habit of bringing their own reusable bags along.
  - mercer 10y ago
    I've not seen any numbers, but anecdotally it's been very effective. Most people I know, including myself, take care to reuse bags more than before.
gumby 10y ago
Another great factor is that the kid would collect the bottles around the house and run downstairs to the EDEKA to put them into the machine. And he nagged us not to but bottles without the Pfand sticker.

danielbln 10y ago

As a German, the thing I like most is that you never ever see bottle trash lying around in parks or on the street, as any stray bottle is quickly (and I mean within minutes) swept up by the homeless/less fortunate.

matt4077 10y ago
It's one of the most successful top->down redistribution projects.
- dx034 10y ago
  And at the same time there's no tax question and the rate of fraud has been very low.
tommorris 10y ago
Last time I was in Germany, I saw a few homeless men sitting at the side of the road, asking a family who were walking to church if they could have the empty plastic bottles. All three of the children rolled their empty bottles across the street to the homeless men. They had a box with quite a few empty plastic water bottles in it. One of many things that impressed me in Germany.
- mgv11 10y ago
  Actually it is not just the homeless guys who pick up the bottles. I've seen all sort of people picking up the empty bottles here.
  - mercer 10y ago
    One of my flatmates did it for a while to pad his unemployment money. It's probably not that normal to do, but anywhere else I've lived this would be unthinkable.
    - dx034 10y ago
      You can make a lot of money with it if you do it in areas where the homeless rate is low. Especially in the first years when it wasn't that common, I knew someone who made more than 40€ per hour with a good strategy of where to go. Best thing about it is that it's tax free and legal.
Symbiote 10y ago
I see more rubbish in parks in Copenhagen, with a deposit sysetm, than I used to in London, where there is no deposit system. Homeless people pick up the beer bottles, and cola cans, but they won't collect the wine bottles, or the packaging from the snacks, but Danes seem to leave this in the park with the bottles.
DanBC 10y ago
It's nice that the streets are clean, but maybe we'd be doing better if we just gave those people cleaning jobs that they can do plus some support with staying in the job, and accommodation, and medical help if needed.
- lmm 10y ago
  Sure, but that's not trivial. E.g. in many cases these are people who might be unable/unwilling to work any kind of regular or fixed hours, so making this a regular-employment job would hurt those people.

sveme 10y ago

Adding to that, a lot of homeless people have to dumpster dive to get out those returnable bottles, which obviously is pretty humiliating. So some guys first developed stickers saying "Bottles belong next to the trashbin" and put them on a lot of trashbins - later, another group invented the "Pfandring" or deposit ring which is attached to a trashbin and asks you to put your bottle in the ring, not the trashbin. I find it fascinating how small regulatory practices can have enormous social effects. [1]https://images.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmobil.ksta.de%2Fimage%2F3210194%2F2x1%2F580%2F290%2Fa1394b053a81fe9b41033c3653298cef%2FHW%2Fpfandring-jpg.jpg&f=1 https://images.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fmobil.ksta....

mercer 10y ago
I still feel the strong urge to leave bottles next to the trash can even though I don't live in Germany anymore. It's one of those weird 'customs' I picked up. Others customs include: - Opening all my windows at least once a day and leaving them open until it's freezing inside. - Feeling anything but 'meh' about asparagus. - making sure I have cash when leaving the house (although that may be Berlin-specific) - buying the bitter 'fizzy water'. - using my plastic shopping bags as trash bags
gumby 10y ago
When I lived in Boston in the 1990s, homeless people would tear open the trash bags in the hope of finding drink containers that could be returned for credit. As a result rubbish was scattered everywhere.

Spooky23 10y ago

That's great. In New York, we have $0.05 deposits, and which are less effective than the high deposits in Europe but dramatically increase the recycling rate. The biggest gap is that many bottles (wine & liquor, juice, milk, etc) are exempt, and the diversion rates are much lower. I wish they did the same thing for plastic bags. Bottle litter is pretty limited these days, but I live on a side street off of an avenue, and we get a lot of blown in bags from that street. The bags clog storm drains, get caught in trees, etc.

brokenrhino 10y ago
In Michigan we have had $0.10 deposit on beer bottles and pop(soda) bottles for a long time. It appears to extremely successful. You never see bottles littered anywhere, they are always picked up by someone in need. Gas station garbage can a frequently sorted through for returnables. School programs like band and sports teams will have bottle drives where they send the kids around through the neighborhood and collect bottles. It is a very successful fundraising method for them.
- mikestew 10y ago
  Growing up in Indiana, it was hard not to notice the contrast in side ditch cleanliness when crossing the state line. Part of it is cultural, too, as the ditches in WA are a lot cleaner than in my Indiana childhood, and WA doesn't have any bottle laws.
Freak_NL 10y ago
In The Netherlands plastic bags can no longer be given away for free since the beginning of this year (some messy foodstuffs are excepted; e.g., the fishmonger). Shops are free to decide what to charge (mostly €0,10 to €0,25) but the overall effect is that people are (again) getting in the habit of bringing their own reusable bags along.
- mercer 10y ago
  I've not seen any numbers, but anecdotally it's been very effective. Most people I know, including myself, take care to reuse bags more than before.

gumby 10y ago

Another great factor is that the kid would collect the bottles around the house and run downstairs to the EDEKA to put them into the machine. And he nagged us not to but bottles without the Pfand sticker.