Are you thinking of laws along the lines of biological evolution or physical laws of motion, where very simple ideas can produce extremely complex emergent beha

Are you thinking of laws along the lines of biological evolution or physical laws of motion, where very simple ideas can produce extremely complex emergent behavior? If so I think a layman law of ML is already understood. To draw an analogy, some programmers might use trial-and-error to produce programs by fiddling with a few lines of code, seeing if it pass more unit tests, repeat. If you believe that a human brain can be represented by machine code, then given infinite time, that trial-and-error programmer can write down the "source code" of the brain. Then machine learning is just a "turing complete programming language"(i.e., a neural network architecture) with "source code" (in the form of matrix weights) where "passing more unit tests" is done by numerically following a gradient to update the "source code". Everything else is just finding a better "programming language" that can make this run very fast on our current machines.