What strikes me as interesting in this example is that it seems to assume the classifier is run once and that its decisions have no effect on future decisions.

What strikes me as interesting in this example is that it seems to assume the classifier is run once and that its decisions have no effect on future decisions. I would imagine that if we are separating people into groups based on demographic or social factors to make decisions, then those decisions may have an impact on that entire group. (In this example, maybe granting more loans to the blue group alters the group characteristics and leads to higher profit in the long term despite higher immediate risks). Is there an area of ML research that considers this kind of concept?