2 ms·
I don’t have data on hand, but there are some issues with your claims. They're accurate when comparing a manual transmission to an automatic from the 70's, but
by Unklejoe 10y ago
I don’t have data on hand, but there are some issues with your claims. They're accurate when comparing a manual transmission to an automatic from the 70's, but newer automatics have essentially closed any efficiency gap.
1. On most automatic transmissions (probably anything newer than the early 90's), the torque converter has clutches inside of it which allow the pump to be directly locked to the turbine. This makes it behave basically the same as a clutch in a manual transmission - no constant slipping. The converter will usually “lock up” once you’ve reached a cruising speed. So, it is less efficient during acceleration, but once the converter locks up, it’s much more comparable to a regular manual transmission. The only thing that still hurts the automatic at that point is the fact that there’s a hydraulic pump which must be driven at all times to maintain pressure to keep the various clutches clamped. So yes, this is where city driving can show some efficiency differences. However, ...
2. On newer automatic transmissions (i.e., transmissions from probably around 2006 and up, such as the ZF 6HPxx series which is found on many Fords, BMWs, and some other brands), the torque converter actually behaves even more like the clutch in a manual transmission in the sense that it’s far more “aggressive” regarding when it locks up. For example, my 2011 BMW will usually lock the torque converter as soon as you take off in first gear (it even sort of feels like when you’re taking off in a car with a manual transmission). Then, it remains locked the entire time after that (even during shifts and wide-open-throttle conditions).
3. Newer automatic transmissions (such as the ZF mentioned above) do in fact have the ability to jump to any gear. I believe this is one of the main things that separate transmissions like the ZF 6HPxx from older style electronic automatics like the 4L80E which use a sprag system. The newer transmissions have a clutch pack for every gear which allows them to jump to any gear rather than following the sequence.
4.I believe that many CVT transmissions still use a torque converter anyway.