Regarding Thatcher effect, one of the Hinton lectures from https://www.coursera.org/learn/neural-networks https://www.coursera.org/learn/neural-networks talks a

Regarding Thatcher effect, one of the Hinton lectures from https://www.coursera.org/learn/neural-networks https://www.coursera.org/learn/neural-networks talks about difficulties in recognition of reflected/upside down objects. I can't easily look it up, so here is my paraphrasing: Humans exhibit a comparable delay when recognizing and reasoning normal and reflected objects. He then gives a few examples such as answering "is this a left or a right foot shoe" and suggests that brains do rotational transformations as part of the object recognition. The machine solution is probably similar to a human solution - do a bunch of transformations and pick highest confidence one. The interesting part that is humans can answer "this is a shoe" question immediately, but take longer to reason about reflected images.