7 ms·

Cheat sheet for Lisp dialects (Common Lisp, Scheme, Clojure, Emacs Lisp)

74 points by alrex021 16y ago

cema 16y ago
Well, it is useful but not universal, and may be a bit confusing in a few places. For example, the "repl" entry for Common Lisp is M-x slime which of course is Emacs-specific (and M-x shell for Clojure is setup-specific on top of that). There are a few items missing (eg regex substitution in Emacs Lisp). But in general, a nice resource, thanks!
vtail 16y ago
Given the audience here, it would be super cool to add Arc in the fifth column for comparison.
- evanrmurphy 16y ago
  I'll get it started here: =============arc (2008)============= version used Arc 3.1 version repl mzscheme -f as.scm arc.sh M-x run-arc shebang cell types case sensitive yes argument whitespace separator falsehoods nil () true, is true t, yes symbol? nil, is () null?, nil is () symbol? type-of type type predicates (is (type x) 'int) (is (type x) 'sym) etc. set property none get property none remove none property comment (+ 1 1) ; adding ============ten primitives========== atom (or list?) atom quote quote eq is car car cdr cdr cons cons cond (if (> x 0) 1 (is x 0) 0 -1) lambda (fn (x) (* x x)) [* _ _] label = apply ((fn (x) (* x x) 2) ([* _ _] 2) =============arithmetic============= ==============strings=============== ==========execution control========= =========functions and scope======== ==============lists================= list literal '(1 2 3) pair literal '(1 2) (car '()) nil (cdr '()) nil (eval '()) nil list functions list alist len append rev nth ('(0 1 2 3) 3) last butlast (last l) (firstn (- (length l) 1) l) sort (sort < '(3 2 1 0)) assoc (assoc 3 '((1 2) (3 4))) getf none map (map [* _ _] '(1 2 3)) filter (keep [* _ _] '(1 2 3)) reduce (reduce + '(1 2 3)) push and pop (= x '(1 2 3)) (push 4 x) (pop x) ============sequences=============== predicate alist ===========other containers========= =========i/o and environment======== format string (pr "Spain" 7 ": " 13.7) to stdout external (system "ls /etc") command open file (= in (infile "/etc/passwd")) read line (readline in) close file (close in) =======libraries and namespaces===== loading a file (load "a.arc") ============compilation============= ==============macros================ backquote and (def op +) comma (eval `(,op 1 1)) defmacro (mac rpn (arg1 arg2 op) (list op arg1 arg2)) defmacro w/ (mac rpn (arg1 arg2 op) backquote `(,op arg1 arg2)) recursive (macex '(rpn 1 2 +)) macroexpand single (macex1 '(rpn 1 2 +)) macroexpand splice quote (mac add (args) `(+ ,@args)) hygenic? no local values using gensym ==============classes=============== =============concurrency============ create thread (thread) ==========java interoperation======= version used jarc on jvm
Estragon 16y ago
One minor point: you can use slime to get a clojure repl.
- wglb 16y ago
  And I found it very easy to set up. However, I needed to use a different .emacs for clojure slime, so I just made a shell script 'ecj' to do the right thing.
  - wglb 16y ago
    And I am about to do a similar thing for clozure.
WildUtah 16y ago
It's Common Lisp and EMACS centric. Doesn't include native constructs from other languages, e.g. vector? is a fundamental type predicate in Scheme and Clojure but it's left out because it has no analog in CL. The basis for comparison is always the set of functions available in CL. And of course, there is the assumption that you're programming in EMACS right from the second row. EMACS is not actually obligatory for programming. Maybe I'm an old man with carpal tunnel and have to use vi to avoid aggravating it. Some readers could be tiny toddlers still suckling on Eclipse or something. I like the Clojure comment "cons cannot make a cons cell." Of course, Clojure is revolutionary in being a Lisp without lists so there are no cons cells. There are some mistakes. dotimes does exist in Clojure and works fairly similarly. Clojure's loop is recursive by nature like Scheme and CL's loop example shows none of its horrible ugly glory. Clojure has lazy stream evaluation just like Scheme's built in but is listed without it. Scheme is listed with an optional arguments idea that is not standard Scheme. Don't get me wrong; it's mostly right but I'm still finding more errors Overall, I like it. It needs to be a wiki, though, so non-CL'ers can fix the errors for their dialects.
- jrockway 16y ago
  vector? is a fundamental type predicate in Scheme and Clojure but it's left out because it has no analog in CL. Uh, (typep foo 'vector)?
- aidenn0 16y ago
  I think it's just incomplete. Coming from a CL perspective I see many problems. For example: * missing equalp * very non-idiomatic loop
tl 16y ago
One thing: The 2^28-1 size limit on integers in emacs lisp also impacts max file size. You can't load a file larger than 256MB on a 32-bit version of emacs. However, a 64-bit emacs will support larger integers and file sizes.
deleted 16y ago
[deleted]
Robin_Message 16y ago
I think this table actually highlights the true core of Lisp — the only entry that is the same for all 4 Lisps is: quote

74 points by alrex021 16y ago

cema 16y ago

Well, it is useful but not universal, and may be a bit confusing in a few places. For example, the "repl" entry for Common Lisp is M-x slime which of course is Emacs-specific (and M-x shell for Clojure is setup-specific on top of that). There are a few items missing (eg regex substitution in Emacs Lisp). But in general, a nice resource, thanks!

vtail 16y ago

Given the audience here, it would be super cool to add Arc in the fifth column for comparison.

evanrmurphy 16y ago
I'll get it started here: =============arc (2008)============= version used Arc 3.1 version repl mzscheme -f as.scm arc.sh M-x run-arc shebang cell types case sensitive yes argument whitespace separator falsehoods nil () true, is true t, yes symbol? nil, is () null?, nil is () symbol? type-of type type predicates (is (type x) 'int) (is (type x) 'sym) etc. set property none get property none remove none property comment (+ 1 1) ; adding ============ten primitives========== atom (or list?) atom quote quote eq is car car cdr cdr cons cons cond (if (> x 0) 1 (is x 0) 0 -1) lambda (fn (x) (* x x)) [* _ _] label = apply ((fn (x) (* x x) 2) ([* _ _] 2) =============arithmetic============= ==============strings=============== ==========execution control========= =========functions and scope======== ==============lists================= list literal '(1 2 3) pair literal '(1 2) (car '()) nil (cdr '()) nil (eval '()) nil list functions list alist len append rev nth ('(0 1 2 3) 3) last butlast (last l) (firstn (- (length l) 1) l) sort (sort < '(3 2 1 0)) assoc (assoc 3 '((1 2) (3 4))) getf none map (map [* _ _] '(1 2 3)) filter (keep [* _ _] '(1 2 3)) reduce (reduce + '(1 2 3)) push and pop (= x '(1 2 3)) (push 4 x) (pop x) ============sequences=============== predicate alist ===========other containers========= =========i/o and environment======== format string (pr "Spain" 7 ": " 13.7) to stdout external (system "ls /etc") command open file (= in (infile "/etc/passwd")) read line (readline in) close file (close in) =======libraries and namespaces===== loading a file (load "a.arc") ============compilation============= ==============macros================ backquote and (def op +) comma (eval `(,op 1 1)) defmacro (mac rpn (arg1 arg2 op) (list op arg1 arg2)) defmacro w/ (mac rpn (arg1 arg2 op) backquote `(,op arg1 arg2)) recursive (macex '(rpn 1 2 +)) macroexpand single (macex1 '(rpn 1 2 +)) macroexpand splice quote (mac add (args) `(+ ,@args)) hygenic? no local values using gensym ==============classes=============== =============concurrency============ create thread (thread) ==========java interoperation======= version used jarc on jvm

Estragon 16y ago

One minor point: you can use slime to get a clojure repl.

wglb 16y ago
And I found it very easy to set up. However, I needed to use a different .emacs for clojure slime, so I just made a shell script 'ecj' to do the right thing.
- wglb 16y ago
  And I am about to do a similar thing for clozure.

WildUtah 16y ago

It's Common Lisp and EMACS centric. Doesn't include native constructs from other languages, e.g. vector? is a fundamental type predicate in Scheme and Clojure but it's left out because it has no analog in CL. The basis for comparison is always the set of functions available in CL. And of course, there is the assumption that you're programming in EMACS right from the second row. EMACS is not actually obligatory for programming. Maybe I'm an old man with carpal tunnel and have to use vi to avoid aggravating it. Some readers could be tiny toddlers still suckling on Eclipse or something. I like the Clojure comment "cons cannot make a cons cell." Of course, Clojure is revolutionary in being a Lisp without lists so there are no cons cells. There are some mistakes. dotimes does exist in Clojure and works fairly similarly. Clojure's loop is recursive by nature like Scheme and CL's loop example shows none of its horrible ugly glory. Clojure has lazy stream evaluation just like Scheme's built in but is listed without it. Scheme is listed with an optional arguments idea that is not standard Scheme. Don't get me wrong; it's mostly right but I'm still finding more errors Overall, I like it. It needs to be a wiki, though, so non-CL'ers can fix the errors for their dialects.

jrockway 16y ago
vector? is a fundamental type predicate in Scheme and Clojure but it's left out because it has no analog in CL. Uh, (typep foo 'vector)?
aidenn0 16y ago
I think it's just incomplete. Coming from a CL perspective I see many problems. For example: * missing equalp * very non-idiomatic loop

tl 16y ago

One thing: The 2^28-1 size limit on integers in emacs lisp also impacts max file size. You can't load a file larger than 256MB on a 32-bit version of emacs. However, a 64-bit emacs will support larger integers and file sizes.

deleted 16y ago

[deleted]

Robin_Message 16y ago

I think this table actually highlights the true core of Lisp — the only entry that is the same for all 4 Lisps is: quote