I would look at what-used-to-be-Skype as decentralized and email as federated. I guess email was probably only one of the few federated technologies that was ab

I would look at what-used-to-be-Skype as decentralized and email as federated. I guess email was probably only one of the few federated technologies that was able to survive through times. I cannot imagine any new technology that can survive when there are many good reasons to not standardize.