The title of this article should really be "The fundamental limitation of 1950's Perceptron style ML". These days ( 2016 ) there are 1,000's of algorithms, all

The title of this article should really be "The fundamental limitation of 1950's Perceptron style ML". These days ( 2016 ) there are 1,000's of algorithms, all tuned for a specific problem, ... image recognition, speech, music transcription from audio, text 'learning' say the bible to generate automatic text. Algo's have names like CNN, RNN, ... again 1,000's. All ML is a 'hack', every algorithm has to be tuned and dialed in to get the coveted 99% 'confirmation'. It would be easy to fine tune a machine for both answers to the problem described, likewise a human expert might as well see the two ( or maybe more ) correct answers. Then another algorithm could be trained to choose which 'correct' answer is best. A universal machine, that requires an infinite number of hacked machines is just another 'tower of babel', not unlike the WWW ( port 80/HTML ) of today. The real problem with ML is the holy-grail of 99%, which means that 1 of 100 innocent people go to prison, or 1 in 100 children die from robot-cars. A society that allows the technical ( rich elite ) to govern a society that accepts 99% or even 99.9% to live and to hell with 1% or 0.01% this is the real problem with Judges, Executioners, and cops that make decisions fed by Google, Facebook, and all our other favorite fronts controlled by the CIA/NSA.