It's something of a self-fulfilling prophecy. Denying minorities equal access to lending limits demand for houses in minority-dominated areas, which in turn lim

It's something of a self-fulfilling prophecy. Denying minorities equal access to lending limits demand for houses in minority-dominated areas, which in turn limits the return on housing in such areas. Similarly, when white people start fleeing a neighborhood because of increased minority (especially black) residents moving in, that drives down house prices, driving further white residents out. The resulting price spiral guts what once made the neighborhood desireable. Thus, it is actually rational for a white home owner to sell immediately after minority residents move into their neighborhood, even if they aren't motivated by any racial animus. It is correspondingly rational for bankers to price loans to minorities at higher rates because of the increased risk they represent. So to a certain extent, bankers don't loan to minorities because bankers don't loan to minorities. Someone, somewhere needs to break the negative feedback loop. That was the intention of the Fair Housing Act, but it hasn't been enough. Partially because of inadequate enforcement and partially because home ownership is only one tiny aspect of the vast and complicated beast that is race in America. Even if black Americans had perfectly equal access to lending and housing, the racial income gap would still exclude them from many of the least integrated areas, which also happen to be where the best schools and opportunities for improving income are. It's shitty and I don't pretend to have any inkling of how to address these problems. But I don't think you can justify bankers or white flighters or blockbusters or whomever by saying they are responding rationally to real risks and incentives. That just means the risks and incentives need to be changed, because the social consequences have been awful for Americans in general and minorities in particular.