In California, Michigan, and most other U.S. states, engineers who work for companies as product designers have a so-called “industrial exemption”: they are not

In California, Michigan, and most other U.S. states, engineers who work for companies as product designers have a so-called “industrial exemption”: they are not required by law to be licensed, or indeed to have professional qualifications of any kind. (See, for example, Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 6747 and Mich. Comp. Laws § 339.2012.)