There's been a fair bit written on the topic. One of the better papers that has a parameterized model is here: https://www.computer.org/web/csdl/index/-/csdl/p

There's been a fair bit written on the topic. One of the better papers that has a parameterized model is here: https://www.computer.org/web/csdl/index/-/csdl/proceedings/focs/1990/2082/00/089581.pdf https://www.computer.org/web/csdl/index/-/csdl/proceedings/f... I should note that this paper is more than 25 years old. :-)